In January 1893 the emirate of Bukhara gave the land of the village Pattakesar to Russian government to build a Russian fortress and garrison and, a military border fortification, where the Amu Darya river port was built. In 1928 already being part of the Soviet Union, Pattakesar was renamed and took the city's ancient name Termez. In 1929, the village became a town. During the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (1979–89), Termez was an important military base, a military airfield and a road-rail bridge across the Amu Darya ("Bridge of Friendship") were built. Even today Termez is an advanced post bordering with Afghanistan.

TERMEZ SIGHTS   

The complex of Hakim at-Termizi in Termez, the scholar and sheikh, living in the 10^th century A.D. who found recognition for theological knowledge, later he was recognized as a spiritual patron of Termez (Termez-ata). His father Ali bin Hassan was a leading scholar, a Hadith specialist, who, looking for knowledge, went to Baghdad and took an active part in scientific discussions with prominent scholars of the time on various problems of Hadith. His mother and uncle were considered to be experts of Hadith. Consequently Al Hakim At-Termizi grew up in the circle of educated and scientific people, which influenced greatly on his ideology.  In 1091-1095 A.D. the governor of Maverannahr Ahmad ibn Hizr from Karakhanids ordered to build Mausoleum, interior was covered with rich carved plaster. Geometrical and styled vegetative motifs combined with epigraphic inscriptions in Kufic. Later, in the north the mosque with mikhrab was built up. Carved plaster covers the walls of the mosque that by style was very close to plaster decor of the 12th century performed in the palace of Termez governors. In 1389-90 to the east from the grave of at-Termizi a new mausoleum and underground chillya-khana (meditation room) were built. In the 15th century in the mausoleum magnificent carved gravestone of marble and monumental two-portal khanaka with big dome were installed. The architectural complex during centuries attracted pilgrims arriving from different parts of Muslim world. 

Kirk-Kiz means "Fourty Girls", it is located outside of the medieval Termez, and connected with the dynasty of Samanids. It was a summer residence of a royal dynasty. Kirk-Kiz presents an example of the monumental forms in architecture; the building has strict centralized composition. It is square in the plan (54x54 m), and is crosswise cut along axes by arched corridors, which led to central square courtyard (11,5х11,5 m) with deep arched eyvans on axes, from where one can enter numerous rooms. They settled down in two floors in four sectors of the building. A total number of premises in Kirk-Kiz reached one and half hundred: there were rectangular rooms, corridors and a big hall, probably, living room. Round towers flanked the building. The walls were plastered with clay; yellowish colour of Central Asian clay is dominant here. In interiors of Kirk-Kiz amazes a variety of arched systems. The interior decor is rather poor by details. The architectural rhythm of windows and niches worked out as various figured arches became a basic element of interior. For Kirk-Kiz typical is the combination of old pre-Islamic traditions and innovations, caused by tastes and needs of another epoch - isolation of a composition, ascetically simple surface of the walls, plastered with clay, remind the early medieval castles. But the elements of fortification were reduced, and four free entrances, numerous windows in different levels were not coordinated with defensive purposes. So Kirk-Kiz was a large feudal estate of a palace type belonging to the reigning dynasty. 

 

Sultan Saodat is located in the outskirt of modern Termez, in Uzbekistan. The name Sultan Saodat means "His Excellency Sultan or Sultan’s well-being" in Arabic. The complex was formed between the 11th and 17th centuries, has the graves of the influential Sayyid dynasty of Termez. Sultan Saodat complex is a series of multi-religious structures - mausoleums, mosques, khanaka - built on the perimeter of the yard and the elongated constituted a coherent and concise composition. The oldest here are two large single-chambers, square, domed mausoleum (10th–11th centuries), located in the south-western part of the complex. They are united by the intervening deep vaulted "ayvan" (gallery), which at the turn of the 14th–15th centuries was added in height and faced multicolored glazed decoration. Buildings of the comlex in different ways repeated the idea of this ancient group of buildings, detailed three-part frontal facade open ayvan in the center. Emphasized the unity of the structure burnt bricks, which also served as a constructive and decorative material (masonry "in the tree," the curly ribbon carved blocks, geometric and floral motifs insertion and belts from figure hewn blocks). Both mausoleums crowded headstones, some remnants of tiled decor.